This is a censored re-upload because YouTube has once again targeted Vsauce2 and Age-Restricted the previous upload which essentially shadowbans it. Support Vsauce2 on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/Vsauce2 Genie Wiley was found in California in 1970, a feral child subjected to 13 years of horrors at the hands of her father -- and her tragic story blurs the line between research and true crime. It's part psychology, part biology, part linguistics... and all a chapter in the dark history of science. Genie presented an incredible opportunity to study the limits of and potential for language acquisition at a time when Noam Chomsky's "Syntactic Structures" dominated linguistic debates. But was it even possible to help an abused girl and study her at the same time? That depends on who you ask -- but the result was limited scientific knowledge and a broken life. FURTHER READING / VIEWING: "Genie: A Scientific Tragedy" by Russ Rymer NOVA: "Genie, The Secret of the Wild Child" (1994) This video is for educational, artistic, and documentary purposes. #psychology #weirdhistory #truecrimestories

Everyone knows Roald Dahl’s stories, and several generations have grown up on Willy Wonka, Matilda, and more. But lurking behind the Oompa Loompas and the giant peaches is the life of a scientist, an inventor, and a medical pioneer so important that his work has saved thousands of lives worldwide -- and Dahl did his best to make sure you didn’t know it. The bizarre life of Roald Dahl is a true story full of twists, turns, and tragedies. He survived his own traumatic brain injury in a World War II plane crash, and it might have done him a bit of good as a creator. But years later when his infant son was hit by a taxi, Roald harnessed his surprisingly deep medical and scientific knowledge to help create a cerebral valve that would benefit generations of children… all while keeping his own involvement quiet. His most significant contribution to medicine may have come after that when his wife Patricia Neal suffered a series of strokes. Roald Dahl wasn’t a neurology expert, and he had no special expertise in brain injury or stroke recovery. What he did have was a creative mind, and the regimen he invented to rehabilitate Pat’s brain and body became the standard for our treatment of strokes. Was Roald Dahl a fantastic artist, or was he a talented scientist? The answer is… yes. And that begs the question: is there even a difference? #roalddahl #neuroscience #neurology

Subscribe to Popular Science: https://www.youtube.com/@popularscience Subscribe to Mind Blow: https://www.youtube.com/@MindBlowOriginal Support Vsauce2 on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/Vsauce2 As the 20th century approached, our understanding of the natural world and of the cosmos was increasing at a more rapid pace than any time in the history of science. We were building on our knowledge of asteroids, the discovery of Neptune, and understanding the transit of Venus, and science fiction like Jules Verne's "Journey to the Center of the Earth" was taking our imagination deep inside our own planet. But one man rejected the long march of seemingly-irrefutable scientific progress. The cult leader Cyrus Teed was convinced that we weren't living amidst a complex solar system, and that we weren't on top of the Earth at all. Cyrus Teed thought that we were living inside the Earth. Teed's Koreshan movement focused on the concept of a hollow earth, and he set out to prove scientifically that we were living on a concave surface inside of a giant hollow ball. From the religious awakenings of Upstate New York to Chicago to a swamp in Florida, Cyrus Teed gained converts who believed in his science and his religion. But did the rectilineator Teed built to conduct his painstaking measurements prove that we're really living inside, or did they just prove that Teed and his followers were insane? #popularscience #science #education

Support Vsauce2 on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/Vsauce2 The life, death, and legacy of Russian geneticist Nikolai Vavilov isn’t just one of the most compelling science stories of the 20th century -- it’s a combination of scientific progress, human resilience, and a celebration of both the scientific and human spirits. Vavilov’s tumultuous career in biology and genetics flowed from Vladimir Lenin’s support to Trofim Lysenko’s hostility to Joseph Stalin’s outright persecution. And while Vavilov himself succumbed to Stalin’s scapegoating and purges, his groundbreaking efforts to create a global seedbank for the betterment of mankind inspired his peers to endure suffering beyond comprehension in the service of science. The staff of Vavilov’s plant institute endured the nearly 3-year Siege of Leningrad: no heat, no safety, and most importantly, no sustenance. But while the rest of the city struggled to survive in conditions of starvation, Vavilov’s peers and staff were actually surrounded by the one thing that would keep them alive: food. Dozens of scientists met their deaths to protect Vavilov’s vision despite protecting tons of the exact material that would keep them alive. They did it for Vavilov, they did it for humanity, and they did it for science. *** FURTHER READING/VIEWING *** "The Murder of Nikolai Vavilov" by Peter Pringle: https://amzn.to/3RPfCrf "Stalin and the Scientists: A History of Triumph and Tragedy" by Simon Ings: https://amzn.to/3GSOukP "The Scientist, the Imposter and Stalin" from Icarus Films: https://vimeo.com/ondemand/scientist "The Man Who Haunts Science" by Vsauce2: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AhSBQOTW018 "The Scapegoat Mechanism" by Vsauce2: https://youtu.be/lNJq6BlVyhM *** CREDITS *** Vsauce2 Twitter: https://twitter.com/VsauceTwo Instagram: https://instagram.com/kevlieber Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/VsauceTwo TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@vsaucetwo Talk Vsauce2 in The Create Unknown Discord: https://discord.gg/tcu Vsauce2 on Reddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/vsauce2/ Hosted and Produced by Kevin Lieber Twitter: https://twitter.com/kevinlieber Podcast: https://www.youtube.com/thecreateunknown Research and Writing by Matthew Tabor https://twitter.com/TaborTCU Editing by John Swan https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCJuSltoYKrAUKnbYO5EMZ2A Huge Thanks To Paula Lieber Vsauce's Curiosity Box: https://www.curiositybox.com/ #science #scientist #history

Support Vsauce2 on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/Vsauce2 There’s more to the story of Trofim Lysenko and the Soviet Union’s most disastrous era of science than you probably realize. Everyone knows of “Lysenkoism” regarding the USSR’s failed theories of genetics, but Trofim Lysenko’s lifelong body work was driven by a perfect combination of history, revolution, political theory, power, and personalities. Lysenko’s impact on Russian biology was a direct result of crafting science -- and scientists -- in service of Vladimir Lenin’s new Soviet man at a time when the international scientific community was making tremendous progress on genetics and biology. But to Lysenko and Josef Stalin, the real science was in the potential of plants and animals to behave like Soviet citizens. That led Russia and its scientists down a path that derailed progress for decades. But what if Lysenko’s theories on the inheritance of acquired traits actually have merit? A resurgence of support for Lysenko has gone beyond the grim history of science to look at what we know about altering the expression of DNA and how a human’s experiences in life can even affect their grandchildren. The truth is that modern genetics has little to nothing to do with Lysenko, but the specter of his pseudoscience continues to haunt the disciplines of genetics and biology -- and science as a whole. *** SOURCES / ADDITIONAL READING *** “Lysenko’s Ghost: Epigenetics and Russia” by Loren Graham: https://bit.ly/3ReCEpT “A People's Tragedy: The Russian Revolution: 1891-1924” by Orlando Figes: https://bit.ly/4a8Ti32 “Stalin and the Scientists: A History of Triumph and Tragedy” by Simon Ings: https://amzn.to/3RwD5NE *** CREDITS *** Vsauce2 Twitter: https://twitter.com/VsauceTwo Instagram: https://instagram.com/kevlieber Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/VsauceTwo TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@vsaucetwo Talk Vsauce2 in The Create Unknown Discord: https://discord.gg/tcu Vsauce2 on Reddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/vsauce2/ Hosted and Produced by Kevin Lieber Twitter: https://twitter.com/kevinlieber Podcast: https://www.youtube.com/thecreateunknown Research and Writing by Matthew Tabor https://twitter.com/TaborTCU Editing by John Swan https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCJuSltoYKrAUKnbYO5EMZ2A Huge Thanks To Paula Lieber Vsauce's Curiosity Box: https://www.curiositybox.com/ #science #scientist #history

The biggest bomb doesn't explode how you would think. Let's explore the population bomb. The Population Bomb by Paul Ehrlich: https://amzn.to/3Mo3lH5 10 Reasons We’re Wrong About the World by Hans Rosling: https://amzn.to/3FELJDc The Ultimate Resource by Julian Simon: https://amzn.to/3MlE3JM Support Vsauce2 on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/Vsauce2 The most pressing threat to civilization is us -- and paradoxically, we’re also the solution. When Paul Ehrlich published “The Population Bomb” in 1968, he ushered in an era of doomsday predictions that we’re still in. There are more than twice as many people in the world now than when his book came out, and Ehrlich insists that the population bomb just hasn’t gone off yet. But optimists like Julian Simon see something else happening. They acknowledge that man-made threats of destruction are not only challenges we can solve -- and that we’re in a better position every day to eliminate our problems -- but that we’re also better off for it. The philosophical differences between Ehrlich and Simon led to the most famous bet in the world, a bet over natural resources that was really a bet about the future of the human race. And as wrong as Paul Ehrlich has proven to be, we’re so hard-wired to think like him that it’s actually perfectly reasonable to conclude we’re perpetually facing disaster. *** CREDITS *** Vsauce2 Twitter: https://twitter.com/VsauceTwo Instagram: https://instagram.com/kevlieber Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/VsauceTwo TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@vsaucetwo Talk Vsauce2 in The Create Unknown Discord: https://discord.gg/tcu Vsauce2 on Reddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/vsauce2/ Hosted and Produced by Kevin Lieber Twitter: https://twitter.com/kevinlieber Podcast: https://www.youtube.com/thecreateunknown Research and Writing by Matthew Tabor https://twitter.com/TaborTCU Editing by John Swan https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCJuSltoYKrAUKnbYO5EMZ2A Huge Thanks To Paula Lieber Vsauce's Curiosity Box: https://www.curiositybox.com/ What did you think about the population theory of The Population Bomb by Paul Ehrlich? Subscribe for more science, history, and education videos every month! #Education #Science #Vsauce #History #doomsday #Humanity #populationbomb

Use code VSAUCE250 to get 50% off your first Factor box at https://bit.ly/3mG5rbL Please support Vsauce2 on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/Vsauce2 When we look back on the history of science and scientific progress, we celebrate the pioneers who dared to make life-changing discoveries. The truth is that the first people to introduce a paradigm-shift almost always face persecution, and many are overshadowed by the less-controversial minds who follow them. Such is the case of Ignaz Semmelweis, a Hungarian doctor who fought a lifelong battle against a disease he couldn’t see and that the medical establishment repeatedly told him wasn’t real. How does a scientist or doctor combat bacteria when they don’t even know it exists? The epidemics bacteria, viruses, and germs brought to innocent hospital patients wracked hospitals of the day, but the history of medicine is as much one of complacency and cosmic explanations as it is about breakthroughs. Ignaz Semmelweis used incredible powers of logic and deductive reasoning to isolate a problem so complex that it stymied all the scientific minds of continental Europe, first by examining data within the clinics of his own hospital, and then identifying the source of infection. Through years of refining an antiseptic regimen that would end up saving an incalculable number of lives -- and paving the way for better-known scientific giants like Lister and Pasteur -- Semmelweis compiled one of the era’s great medical texts, one that would change healthcare worldwide. And for that, he was ridiculed, criticized, fired, dismissed, institutionalized, and beaten to de*th. The shocking story of Ignaz Semmelweis is the real story of scientific progress. *** Additional Reading *** Semmelweis, Ignaz. “The Etiology, Concept, and Prophylaxis of Childbed Fever,” 1861; Translated by K. Codell Carter, 1983: https://www.amazon.com/Etiology-Prophylaxis-Childbed-Wisconsin-Publications/dp/0299093646 Semmelweis, Fjernsynsteatret (Television Theater, Norway), 1983: https://tv.nrk.no/serie/fjernsynsteatret/1983/FTEA00005183 Semmelweis, 1952 (Courtesy of the Hungarian National Film Archive): https://youtu.be/z3Xg5mXW218 Sla*ghter, Frank J. “Immortal Magyar: Semmelweis, Conqueror of Childbed Fever,” 1950: https://www.amazon.com/Immortal-Magyar-Semmelweis-Conqueror-Childbed/dp/B0006ASE5M Obenchain, Theodore G. “Genius Belabored: Childbed Fever and the Tragic Life of Ignaz Semmelweis,” 2016: https://www.amazon.com/Genius-Belabored-Childbed-Tragic-Semmelweis/dp/0817319298 *** CREDITS *** Vsauce2: Twitter: https://twitter.com/VsauceTwo Instagram: https://instagram.com/kevlieber Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/VsauceTwo TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@vsaucetwo Talk Vsauce2 in The Create Unknown Discord: https://discord.gg/tcu Vsauce2 on Reddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/vsauce2/ Hosted and Produced by Kevin Lieber Twitter: https://twitter.com/kevinlieber Podcast: https://www.youtube.com/thecreateunknown Research and Writing by Matthew Tabor https://twitter.com/TaborTCU Editing by John Swan https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCJuSltoYKrAUKnbYO5EMZ2A Huge Thanks To Paula Lieber Vsauce's Curiosity Box: https://www.curiositybox.com/ #semmelweis #history #medicine #surgery #germs

Thanks to Storyblocks for sponsoring this video! Download unlimited stock media at one set price with Storyblocks: https://storyblocks.com/Vsauce2 Get Ad-Free Mind Blow on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/Vsauce2 Patron Thanks BENEFACTOR Xemboy01 EXECUTIVE PRODUCERS Brent Tiggelaar, Ian Fabs, Jonathan Hawk, Markus Fleischer, NullBlox.ZachryWilsn, Thomas Kaminski, Wolfgang Hutton You discover a new species of succulent. It’s composed of two tiny butt cheeks. What do you call it? BABY BUM. And there’s really no possible alternative, because this is Mind Blow. An array of 100 robotic muscles that can flex 50 times per second is like a giant fluid trampoline with haptic response that can move and sort objects and also generate images. It’s like a waterbed mixed with a computer. What more could you need? We talk a lot about AI in art, but we’re making fantastic progress in using AI to fuel neural bypass connections -- like an electronic brain-body-spinal cord bridge that has brought back movement and sensation in the limbs of a man with quadriplegia. A full decade ago, Mind Blow highlighted the weirdly anti-bacterial wings of the clanger cicada. By analyzing the nanostructure of the wings, we finally know how the nanopillars on the wings kill bacteria and clean the surface -- and it has tremendous implications for sanitizing the surfaces of medical devices. A 600-pound asteroid is coming directly for your head… sort of. It’s 13 million miles away, which means it’s classified as a “potentially hazardous asteroid,” and it’s tracked twice a day with a 3,200 megapixel camera. They say you never hear the one that gets you. Spiders are incredible at pulling moisture from the air, and they do it by constructing webs on which droplets collect easily and efficiently. Replicating their process allows water collection to happen without expending energy. Science smarter, not harder. What if tattoos could be functional instead of purely aesthetic? Nanotech’s got it covered, starting with individual cells. 3-D bioprinting technology can place a flexible tattoo that functions as a data collection and warning system for the body. 40 years ago we discovered fantastic fossils of the immortal jellyfish… and no one bothered to look at them until now, because sometimes science news takes a couple generations to develop. But the Canadian fossils are so detailed that some even reveal an animal’s last meal. They show that jellyfish as we know them today are even older than we thought -- but they’re still an aquatic whippersnapper compared to the sea sponge. *** SOURCES *** Baby Bum Succulent (0:00) https://www.livescience.com/planet-earth/plants/this-bizarre-little-succulent-looks-like-a-babys-butt Shape-Shifting Display For 3D Designs (0:33) https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-023-39842-2 A.I. Brain Implant (1:23) https://www.northwell.edu/news/the-latest/bioelectronic-medicine-researchers-restore-feeling-lasting-movement-in-quadriplegic-man Cicada Wings Kill Superbugs on Contact (2:06) https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsami.2c18121 New Algorithm Ensnares Asteroid (3:43) https://www.washington.edu/news/2023/07/31/heliolinc3d/ Spider Web Fog-Water Collection (4:33) https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/adfm.202305244 Nanoscale Tattoos For Cells (5:17) https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c01960 500 Million Year Old Jellyfish (5:58) https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspb.2022.2490 RCA XL-100 TV Set Commercial, 1975 (6:55) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=utYZN9WGqZw *** CREDITS *** Hosted, Researched and Created by Kevin Lieber https://twitter.com/VsauceTwo Written by Matthew Tabor https://twitter.com/TaborTCU Edited by Vic Grimes https://twitter.com/VicGrimes Fact Checking by Geoff Barrett https://twitter.com/GeoffdBarrett Watch more science news, tech news, space news, and educational videos like Mind Blow with the Vsauce crew on our channel! #MindBlow #Vsauce #ScienceNews #science #Education #science #scienceshorts #shorts

Use code VSAUCE250 to get 50% off your first Factor box at https://bit.ly/3mG5rbL Please support Vsauce2 on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/Vsauce2 You almost certainly know a psychopath in real life… and you may very well be one yourself. And that might even be a good thing. We’ve recognized psychopathy in science and culture for thousands of years, yet we still don’t know what to do about it. Yet we use the word itself now more than ever, so much that the meaning of the word “psychopath” has become diluted in popular culture. As we increasingly learn more about the science of psychopathy, we should get better at deploying the term more accurately -- but instead, it’s become a catch-all for unconscionable human behavior and a mainstay of true crime stories. Psychopaths are much more complex than that… for better and worse. In reality, a psychopath’s brain creates and perpetually reinforces a moral code that is defined more by what it lacks than what it contains. From a total absence of anxiety to a simple utilitarian worldview that can do tremendous harm to others, the psychopath is a mix of brute force and the most subtle manipulation. And this is where it gets really complicated: you actually want the ruthlessness of a psychopath to run your company, you want the charm of a psychopath for investigative journalism, and you want the fearlessness of a psychopath to respond to medical emergencies. Can we harness the biological and psychological forces that create dangerous, destructive psychopaths to improve humanity? And if we could cure or eliminate psychopathy… would we even want to? ADDITIONAL READING Kiehl, Kent. “The Psychopath Whisperer: The Science of Those Without Conscience.” https://www.amazon.com/Psychopath-Whisperer-Science-Without-Conscience/dp/0770435866 Dutton, Kevin. “The Wisdom of Psychopaths: What Saints, Spies, and Serial Killers Can Teach Us About Success.” https://www.amazon.com/Wisdom-Psychopaths-Saints-Killers-Success/dp/0374533989 *** CREDITS *** Vsauce2: Twitter: https://twitter.com/VsauceTwo Instagram: https://instagram.com/kevlieber Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/VsauceTwo TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@vsaucetwo Talk Vsauce2 in The Create Unknown Discord: https://discord.gg/tcu Vsauce2 on Reddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/vsauce2/ Hosted and Produced by Kevin Lieber Twitter: https://twitter.com/kevinlieber Podcast: https://www.youtube.com/thecreateunknown Research and Writing by Matthew Tabor https://twitter.com/TaborTCU Editing by John Swan https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCJuSltoYKrAUKnbYO5EMZ2A Huge Thanks To Paula Lieber https://www.etsy.com/shop/Craftality Vsauce's Curiosity Box: https://www.curiositybox.com/ #psychology #truecrime #psychopath #mentalhealth #science

Thanks to Storyblocks for sponsoring this video! Download unlimited stock media at one set price with Storyblocks: https://storyblocks.com/Vsauce2 Get Ad-Free Mind Blow on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/Vsauce2 This science research doesn’t just pass the sniff test -- it IS the sniff test. Our olfactory abilities are so refined that our noses can identify a person’s gender with over 96% accuracy from the smell of their… hands?! Robotics is advancing past clumsy limbs and brute force by getting better at both -- this rolling robot that can make deliveries, throw objects, and dynamically adjust its application of force. Sometimes our most advanced scientific discoveries already exist in nature -- like a tiny pill modeled after the pangolin that can roll up to be deployed in internal medicine applications. Oh, and it’s moved around your body by a magnet. A scientific breakthrough has been sitting at the bottom of a canyon for decades -- and despite it being over 100 meters high, we’re only just seeing Asia’s tallest tree. Birds are once again dominating the science news cycle, and this time it’s by thumbing their beaks at our efforts to deter them from public spaces. It seems like anti-bird spikes actually make great bird castles. Until recently, bionic limbs have been rudimentary with little fine motor control -- but harnessing AI algorithms, neuroscience, and osseointegration may allow for natural motions in bionic hands and fingers. The dark side of the Moon continues to keep secrets, like why there’s a giant slab of thorium and uranium resulting from a billion-year old moon volcano. A giant 300,000 year old flint axe has been discovered in England, and it either hurt people, hunted animals, or just looked awesome. Patron Thanks BENEFACTOR Xemboy01 EXECUTIVE PRODUCERS Brent Tiggelaar, Ian Fabs, Jonathan Hawk, Markus Fleischer, NullBlox.ZachryWilsn, Thomas Kaminski, Wolfgang Hutton *** SOURCES *** Hand Sniff Identifies Gender (0:00) https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0286452 Wheeled Humanoid Controlled by Whole-Body Teleoperation (0:40) https://publish.illinois.edu/robodesign/ Tiny Pangolin-Inspired Medical Robot (1:23) https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-023-38689-x Asia’s Tallest Tree (2:13) https://newsen.pku.edu.cn/news_events/news/research/13432.html Birds Building Anti-Bird Nests (3:53) https://www.hetnatuurhistorisch.nl/fileadmin/user_upload/documents-nmr/Publicaties/Deinsea/Deinsea_21/Deinsea_21_17_25_2023_Hiemstra_et_al.pdf Bionic Hand Individual Finger Control (4:39) https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2023/07/230712165138.htm Radioactive Granite Buried On Moon (5:24) https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-06183-5.epdf Britain’s Oldest and Largest Stone Age Tools (6:17) https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2023/jul/giant-stone-artefacts-found-rare-ice-age-site-kent Lady Kenmore Dishwasher Commercial, 1974 (7:04) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QUrDobvRLcA *** CREDITS *** Hosted, Researched and Created by Kevin Lieber https://twitter.com/VsauceTwo Written by Matthew Tabor https://twitter.com/TaborTCU Edited by Vic Grimes https://twitter.com/VicGrimes Fact Checking by Geoff Barrett https://twitter.com/GeoffdBarrett Watch more science news, tech news, space news, and educational videos like Mind Blow with the Vsauce crew on our channel! #mindblow #vsauce #science #robotics #technology #sciencefacts

Check out https://guard.io/Vsauce2 for a 7-day trial and 20% off your subscription + the ability to protect 5 family members from hackers and scammers! Get Ad-Free Mind Blow on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/Vsauce2 Could one of the staples of a gamer’s diet actually improve physiological health the same way it has for mice and worms? Is it possible to harness plant photosynthesis with a synthetic leaf that mirrors the same chemical process to replace fossil fuels? Will small armies of robot cartographers replace Google Street View cars -- and eventually explore the unknowns of Earth’s oceans? How long have hominins existed in Greece, and are our Mediterranean ancestors hundreds of thousands of years older than we think? The James Webb Space Telescope has just captured images of molecules over 12 billion light years away -- but are they just specks of matter, or are they the building blocks of stars? Han Solo’s nap in carbonite might just be a part of your own future now that mice have been induced into a state of torpor -- and it has implications for improving emergency medicine. The idea of inducing torpor was first proposed to reduce the physical demands of space travel, and when you finally cruise to Mars, who knows how many arms and legs you’ll have? Researchers at MIT have tacked on a pair of supernumerary limbs that gets us one step closer to being space octopuses. The future of science and technology gets more exciting by the day, but we continue to uncover amazing elements of our past -- like a 3,000 year old sword in Bavaria that has been preserved so well that its blade still shines. Past. Present. Future. Mind Blow! Patron Thanks BENEFACTOR Xemboy01 EXECUTIVE PRODUCERS Brent Tiggelaar, Ian Fabs, Jonathan Hawk, Markus Fleischer, NullBlox.ZachryWilsn, Thomas Kaminski, Wolfgang Hutton Taurine Anti-Aging (0:00) https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adi3025 Artificial Leaf (0:59) https://www.nature.com/articles/s41560-023-01262-3#Sec21 Multi Robot Mapping (1:45) https://arxiv.org/pdf/2106.14386.pdf Oldest Evidence of Humans In Greece (2:29) https://www.livescience.com/archaeology/oldest-evidence-of-humans-in-greece-is-700000-years-old-a-quarter-of-a-million-years-older-than-previously-thought James Webb Telescope Discovers Oldest Organic Molecules (4:37) https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-023-01844-x Ultrasound Deep Sleep (5:38) https://www.nature.com/articles/s42255-023-00804-z Supernumerary Limbs For Space Suit (6:38) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wed7JAyfLyA Shining Bronze Age Octagonal Sword (7:12) https://www.blfd.bayern.de/mam/blfd/presse/pi_bronzezeitliches_schwert.pdf Introducing The Amazing Compact Disc (7:42) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_Tx6TYnPat8 *** CREDITS *** Hosted, Researched and Created by Kevin Lieber https://twitter.com/VsauceTwo Written by Matthew Tabor https://twitter.com/TaborTCU Edited by Vic Grimes https://twitter.com/VicGrimes Fact Checking by Geoff Barrett https://twitter.com/GeoffdBarrett Watch more science news, tech news, space news, and educational videos like Mind Blow with the Vsauce crew on our channel! #MindBlow #Vsauce #ScienceNews #science #Education #shorts #science #scienceshorts

For 16 free meals with HelloFresh PLUS free shipping, use code 16VSAUCE2 at https://bit.ly/3HxQgso Please support Vsauce2 on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/Vsauce2 When we think of the human experience, we tend to focus on the good things: love, happiness, and progress. But what if the most important part of our lives is actually one of the worst? Our relationship with pain stretches back further than any other sensation, and it turns out that pain has been and continues to be our most important teacher. We paradoxically need something awful to survive. Vsauce2 explores the science and psychology of pain going all the way back to our four-legged ancestors. Despite pain dictating daily life for millions of years, we’ve only come to understand exactly how it works fairly recently. We now know the exact physiological mechanisms of how pain works within our bodies -- which evolved from rudimentary scientific theories from Descartes and others -- but we’re still figuring out how it works within our minds. And as we navigate the science of it all, from neuroscience to psychology, we uncover more questions than ever. Should we eliminate pain, or should we learn to live with it? What happens to our identities when we take all the pain away, and is it worth the cost to ourselves? What is society’s responsibility to relieve pain, and how does politics factor in? How much of your pain is real and how much pain is essentially imagined? On the surface it seems like an ideal world would be one completely devoid of pain, with strong mental health in conjunction with physical wellness. But the reality is more complex, and it’s worth thinking about the implications of the convoluted link between pain and suffering that we can’t live with… and can’t live without. *** CREDITS *** Vsauce2: TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@vsaucetwo Twitter: https://twitter.com/VsauceTwo Instagram: https://instagram.com/kevlieber Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/VsauceTwo Talk Vsauce2 in The Create Unknown Discord: https://discord.gg/tcu Vsauce2 on Reddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/vsauce2/ Hosted and Produced by Kevin Lieber Twitter: https://twitter.com/kevinlieber Podcast: https://www.youtube.com/thecreateunknown Research and Writing by Matthew Tabor https://twitter.com/TaborTCU Editing by John Swan https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCJuSltoYKrAUKnbYO5EMZ2A Huge Thanks To Paula Lieber https://www.etsy.com/shop/Craftality Vsauce's Curiosity Box: https://www.curiositybox.com/ #MindBlow #Vsauce #ScienceNews #science #Education

FUTO Fellows applications are open until June 5th. Learn more at https://futo.org/fellows/ and send your idea to grantapps@futo.org Get Ad-Free Mind Blow on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/Vsauce2 In this episode of Mind Blow on Vsauce2: the ruins of Ancient Rome reveal interesting medical devices, a new humanoid robot learns to be just like you, scientists develop a neural brain implant that works like an octopus, Team Trees might have accidentally grown 20 million computers with wood transistors, Stone Age architectural plans reveal sophisticated abstract cognitive abilities, olfactory virtual reality now includes scents and smells, the Titanic gets 3D mapped with over 700,000 images, which may reveal clues about how the Titanic sank, and the glassy-winged sharpshooter contributes to our biological understanding of fluid dynamics with its built-in butt catapult. Patron Thanks BENEFACTOR Xemboy01 EXECUTIVE PRODUCERS Brent Tiggelaar, Ian Fabs, Jonathan Hawk, Markus Fleischer, NullBlox.ZachryWilsn, Thomas Kaminski, Wolfgang Hutton. *** SOURCES *** Wood Electrochemical Transistor (0:00) https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2218380120 First Ever Full-Sized Scans of Titanic Shipwreck (0:49) https://www.magellan.gg/titanic-in-3d/ Roman Urine Flasks (1:48) https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/antiquity/article/disease-control-and-the-disposal-of-infectious-materials-in-renaissance-rome-excavations-in-the-area-of-caesars-forum/F43A8803C6D74D01C4C07DC0D4C81094 Sanctuary AI (2:31) https://www.sanctuary.ai/ Soft Robot Brain Implant (3:11) https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/scirobotics.add1002 Stone Age Blueprints (5:04) https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0277927 VR Smells (5:45) https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-023-37678-4 Superfast Insect Urination (6:48) https://research.gatech.edu/super-fast-insect-urination-powered-physics-superpropulsion Sony Walkman Commercial 1983 (7:55) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7lipckhgG5g *** CREDITS *** Hosted, Researched and Created by Kevin Lieber https://twitter.com/VsauceTwo Written by Matthew Tabor https://twitter.com/TaborTCU Edited by John Swan https://www.youtube.com/@JohnSwanYT Fact Checking by Geoff Barrett https://twitter.com/GeoffdBarrett Watch more science news, tech news, space news, and educational videos like Mind Blow with the Vsauce crew on our channel! #MindBlow #Vsauce #ScienceNews #science #Education #shorts #science #scienceshorts

Check out https://www.piavpn.com/Vsauce2 for an 83% discount on Private Internet Access! That’s $2.03 a month and get 4 extra months free! Vsauce2 dives into the fundamental meaning behind the concept of "happy" and how our twisted modern take on happiness is making things measurably worse. What is the paradox of chasing happiness? And how to things we think will make us happy actually lead to depression? Support Vsauce2 on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/Vsauce2 *** CREDITS *** Vsauce2: TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@vsaucetwo Twitter: https://twitter.com/VsauceTwo Instagram: https://instagram.com/kevlieber Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/VsauceTwo Talk Vsauce2 in The Create Unknown Discord: https://discord.gg/tcu Vsauce2 on Reddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/vsauce2/ Hosted and Produced by Kevin Lieber Twitter: https://twitter.com/kevinlieber Podcast: https://www.youtube.com/thecreateunknown Research and Writing by Matthew Tabor https://twitter.com/TaborTCU Editing by John Swan https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCJuSltoYKrAUKnbYO5EMZ2A Additional Editing by Vic Grimes https://twitter.com/VicGrimes Huge Thanks To Paula Lieber https://www.etsy.com/shop/Craftality Vsauce's Curiosity Box: https://www.curiositybox.com/ Watch more science news, tech news, psychology facts, and educational videos like Mind Blow with the Vsauce crew on our channel! #vsauce #psychology #science #mentalhealth

Use code VSAUCE250 to get 50% off your first Factor box at https://bit.ly/3mG5rbL! Thanks to Factor for sponsoring Vsauce2. Get Ad-Free Mind Blow on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/Vsauce2 In this episode of Mind Blow on Vsauce2: scientists have a new hypothesis for why bugs fly around light bulbs, we learn of secret science new virus hiding in baby diapers, in space news Einstein helped discover a massive black hole, a simple drought solution, fruit helping recycle batteries, an ancient Egyptian gifting custom now has physical evidence, a massive leap in MRI brain scan technology, and bioadhesives just got stronger and safer for surgery. The type of science news found only on Mind Blow by Vsauce2. Patron Thanks BENEFACTOR Xemboy01 EXECUTIVE PRODUCERS Brent Tiggelaar, Ian Fabs, Wolfgang Hutton, NullBlox.ZachryWilsn, Jonathan Hawk, Markus Fleischer, Thomas Kaminski *** SOURCES *** Why flying insects gather at artificial light (0:00) https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.04.11.536486v1 Expanding known viral diversity in the healthy infant gut (0:39) https://www.nature.com/articles/s41564-023-01345-7 Abell 1201: detection of an ultramassive black hole in a strong gravitational lens (1:27) https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article/521/3/3298/7085506 Structure-guided engineering of a receptor-agonist pair for inducible activation of the ABA adaptive response to drought (2:08) https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.ade9948 Brain Images Just Got 64 Million Times Sharper (3:49) https://today.duke.edu/2023/04/brain-images-just-got-64-million-times-sharper NTU Singapore and Se-cure Waste Management build pilot recycling plant to tackle lithium-ion battery waste with biomass waste (4:30) https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/984142 First osteological evidence of severed hands in Ancient Egypt (5:07) https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-32165-8 Injectable gelatin-oligo-catechol conjugates for tough thermosensitive bioadhesion (5:40) https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666386423000140?via%3Dihub Database, 1984 (6:40) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=szdbKz5CyhA *** CREDITS *** Hosted and Created by Kevin Lieber https://twitter.com/VsauceTwo Research and Writing by Scott Frank https://twitter.com/hollywoodsapien Graphics and Editing by Vic Grimes https://twitter.com/VicGrimes Special Thanks John Swan https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCJuSltoYKrAUKnbYO5EMZ2A Fact Checking by Geoff Barrett https://twitter.com/GeoffdBarrett Watch more science news, tech news, space news, and educational videos like Mind Blow with the Vsauce crew on our channel! #MindBlow #Vsauce #ScienceNews #science #Education