Economist Jon Gruber makes the case that surveillance pricing could be used for good, with the right form of government regulation, and why it all boils down to efficiency vs equity. (Surveillance camera image used under CC Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International license)

MIT 15.393 Nuts and Bolts of New Ventures, IAP 2025 Instructor: Bob Jones View the complete course: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/15-393-nuts-and-bolts-of-new-ventures-january-iap-2025/ YouTube Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLUl4u3cNGP63EUNfnwrkgO2xxwYxNwRdI Breakthrough innovation requires you to work within a shared structure without losing the ability to improvise. The same is true in a great blues jam.  In this talk filmed in 2026, Bob Jones plays his electric guitar and forges memorable connections to the Three Pillars of Innovation. License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA More information at https://ocw.mit.edu/terms More courses at https://ocw.mit.edu Support OCW at http://ow.ly/a1If50zVRlQ We encourage constructive comments and discussion on OCW’s YouTube and other social media channels. Personal attacks, hate speech, trolling, and inappropriate comments are not allowed and may be removed. More details at https://ocw.mit.edu/comments.

Science photographer Felice Frankel explores the difference between scientific documentation and illustration, using her iconic ferrofluid photograph to show how powerful images can draw people into the science behind them.

MIT RES.12-003 Fluid Motions, Sediment Transport, and Current-Generated Sedimentary Structures, Fall 2025 Instructor: John Southard View the complete course: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/res-12-003-fluid-motions-sediment-transport-and-current-generated-sedimentary-structures-fall-2025/ YouTube Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLUl4u3cNGP60q1Ib4pyz_FBs_lYUPr9MN A detailed exploration of cross‑stratification reveals how sedimentary structures record the history of flowing water and waves. The video explains how bedforms such as ripples and dunes migrate and deposit layers that are later preserved as inclined laminae separated by erosion surfaces, allowing geologists to interpret past flow directions and conditions. It highlights different styles of cross‑stratification—such as climbing ripples, trough structures, and large dune deposits—and shows how their geometry depends on the balance between sediment supply and bedform movement. The discussion also extends to oscillatory and combined flows, introducing complex features like hummocky cross‑stratification and emphasizing the challenges of distinguishing between flow types in the rock record. Overall, the presentation demonstrates how careful observation of sedimentary patterns can be used to reconstruct ancient environments and flow dynamics. License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA More information at https://ocw.mit.edu/terms More courses at https://ocw.mit.edu Support OCW at http://ow.ly/a1If50zVRlQ We encourage constructive comments and discussion on OCW’s YouTube and other social media channels. Personal attacks, hate speech, trolling, and inappropriate comments are not allowed and may be removed. More details at https://ocw.mit.edu/comments.

MIT RES.12-003 Fluid Motions, Sediment Transport, and Current-Generated Sedimentary Structures, Fall 2025 Instructor: John Southard View the complete course: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/res-12-003-fluid-motions-sediment-transport-and-current-generated-sedimentary-structures-fall-2025/ YouTube Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLUl4u3cNGP60q1Ib4pyz_FBs_lYUPr9MN This lecture introduces the fundamentals of fluid dynamics as they relate to sediment transport in natural environments like rivers and oceans. Prof. Southard explains key concepts such as laminar versus turbulent flow, Reynolds number, and dimensional analysis, using classic experiments to illustrate how fluid behavior changes with velocity. The discussion then expands to forces acting on particles, including drag, lift, and the role of viscosity, as well as how flow interacts with boundaries in channels. The lecture also explores oscillatory flows generated by waves, their effects on sediment movement, and how combined flow conditions can become complex. Finally, it examines how sediment begins to move, highlighting factors like shear stress, particle size, and turbulence, and introduces concepts such as the Shields diagram to describe the onset of motion. License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA More information at https://ocw.mit.edu/terms More courses at https://ocw.mit.edu Support OCW at http://ow.ly/a1If50zVRlQ We encourage constructive comments and discussion on OCW’s YouTube and other social media channels. Personal attacks, hate speech, trolling, and inappropriate comments are not allowed and may be removed. More details at https://ocw.mit.edu/comments.

MIT RES.12-003 Fluid Motions, Sediment Transport, and Current-Generated Sedimentary Structures, Fall 2025 Instructor: John Southard View the complete course: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/res-12-003-fluid-motions-sediment-transport-and-current-generated-sedimentary-structures-fall-2025/ YouTube Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLUl4u3cNGP60q1Ib4pyz_FBs_lYUPr9MN In this lecture, Prof. John Southard continues his exploration of sediment transport by focusing on how sediments move, how transport is measured, and how different flow conditions create distinct bedforms. He explains key concepts such as bedload and suspended load, transport rates, and the challenges of measuring sediment movement in natural systems. The lecture also introduces aeolian (wind-driven) transport, highlighting saltation and the role of density differences between air and water. A major portion is devoted to the formation and evolution of bed configurations—especially ripples and dunes—using both laboratory flume experiments and natural examples to illustrate how flow velocity, sediment size, and turbulence interact to shape the landscape. Southard emphasizes the dynamic feedback between flow and sediment, showing how bedforms both result from and influence fluid motion. License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA More information at https://ocw.mit.edu/terms More courses at https://ocw.mit.edu Support OCW at http://ow.ly/a1If50zVRlQ We encourage constructive comments and discussion on OCW’s YouTube and other social media channels. Personal attacks, hate speech, trolling, and inappropriate comments are not allowed and may be removed. More details at https://ocw.mit.edu/comments.

MIT RES.12-003 Fluid Motions, Sediment Transport, and Current-Generated Sedimentary Structures, Fall 2025 Instructor: John Southard View the complete course: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/res-12-003-fluid-motions-sediment-transport-and-current-generated-sedimentary-structures-fall-2025/ YouTube Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLUl4u3cNGP60q1Ib4pyz_FBs_lYUPr9MN Prof. John Southard builds on earlier concepts by examining how different flow conditions, sediment properties, and dimensional analysis combine to produce distinct bed configurations such as ripples, dunes, and plane beds. He uses laboratory data and conceptual models to map out how these features vary with flow velocity, depth, and grain size, highlighting patterns like the transition between flow regimes and the presence of spectral gaps between ripples and dunes. The lecture then expands to oscillatory flows and wave-generated bedforms, explaining how ripple geometry changes from two-dimensional to three-dimensional forms and how complex patterns emerge under natural wave conditions. Southard also introduces the added complexity of combined flows, where currents and waves interact, emphasizing the challenges of predicting resulting structures. The session concludes by linking these physical processes to sedimentary structures preserved in rocks, setting the stage for interpreting past flow environments from geological records. License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA More information at https://ocw.mit.edu/terms More courses at https://ocw.mit.edu Support OCW at http://ow.ly/a1If50zVRlQ We encourage constructive comments and discussion on OCW’s YouTube and other social media channels. Personal attacks, hate speech, trolling, and inappropriate comments are not allowed and may be removed. More details at https://ocw.mit.edu/comments.

MIT 14.12 Economic Applications of Game Theory, Fall 2025 Instructor: Ian Ball View the complete course: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/14-12-economic-applications-of-game-theory-fall-2025/ YouTube Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLUl4u3cNGP63quuKvMHCt3cmTmt0O2qpv In this lecture, Ian Ball explains rationalizability, which is a concept defining the set of strategies that rational players might choose, assuming common knowledge of rationality. License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA More information at https://ocw.mit.edu/terms More courses at https://ocw.mit.edu Support OCW at http://ow.ly/a1If50zVRlQ We encourage constructive comments and discussion on OCW’s YouTube and other social media channels. Personal attacks, hate speech, trolling, and inappropriate comments are not allowed and may be removed. More details at https://ocw.mit.edu/comments.

MIT 14.12 Economic Applications of Game Theory, Fall 2025 Instructor: Ian Ball View the complete course: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/14-12-economic-applications-of-game-theory-fall-2025/ YouTube Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLUl4u3cNGP63quuKvMHCt3cmTmt0O2qpv This lecture covers the Prisoner's Dilemma, the concept of dominant strategies, best responses, and how to identify which strategies are worth considering in competitive situations. License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA More information at https://ocw.mit.edu/terms More courses at https://ocw.mit.edu Support OCW at http://ow.ly/a1If50zVRlQ We encourage constructive comments and discussion on OCW’s YouTube and other social media channels. Personal attacks, hate speech, trolling, and inappropriate comments are not allowed and may be removed. More details at https://ocw.mit.edu/comments.

MIT 14.12 Economic Applications of Game Theory, Fall 2025 Instructor: Ian Ball View the complete course: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/14-12-economic-applications-of-game-theory-fall-2025/ YouTube Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLUl4u3cNGP63quuKvMHCt3cmTmt0O2qpv In this session, Ian Ball explains revenue equivalence, which is a concept in auction theory that states that given certain conditions, any mechanism that results in the same outcomes, also has the same expected revenue. License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA More information at https://ocw.mit.edu/terms More courses at https://ocw.mit.edu Support OCW at http://ow.ly/a1If50zVRlQ We encourage constructive comments and discussion on OCW’s YouTube and other social media channels. Personal attacks, hate speech, trolling, and inappropriate comments are not allowed and may be removed. More details at https://ocw.mit.edu/comments.

MIT 14.12 Economic Applications of Game Theory, Fall 2025 Instructor: Ian Ball View the complete course: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/14-12-economic-applications-of-game-theory-fall-2025/ YouTube Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLUl4u3cNGP63quuKvMHCt3cmTmt0O2qpv The Folk Theorem states that in infinitely repeated games, any feasible and individually rational payoff can be sustained as a Nash equilibrium (or subgame perfect equilibrium), meaning cooperation, punishment, and a wide range of outcomes become possible when the future matters enough. License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA More information at https://ocw.mit.edu/terms More courses at https://ocw.mit.edu Support OCW at http://ow.ly/a1If50zVRlQ We encourage constructive comments and discussion on OCW’s YouTube and other social media channels. Personal attacks, hate speech, trolling, and inappropriate comments are not allowed and may be removed. More details at https://ocw.mit.edu/comments.

MIT 14.12 Economic Applications of Game Theory, Fall 2025 Instructor: Ian Ball View the complete course: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/14-12-economic-applications-of-game-theory-fall-2025/ YouTube Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLUl4u3cNGP63quuKvMHCt3cmTmt0O2qpv In this lecture, the class plays the game Prisoner's Dilemma, and then Ian Ball discusses the concept of finitely repeated games. License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA More information at https://ocw.mit.edu/terms More courses at https://ocw.mit.edu Support OCW at http://ow.ly/a1If50zVRlQ We encourage constructive comments and discussion on OCW’s YouTube and other social media channels. Personal attacks, hate speech, trolling, and inappropriate comments are not allowed and may be removed. More details at https://ocw.mit.edu/comments.

MIT 14.12 Economic Applications of Game Theory, Fall 2025 Instructor: Ian Ball View the complete course: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/14-12-economic-applications-of-game-theory-fall-2025/ YouTube Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLUl4u3cNGP63quuKvMHCt3cmTmt0O2qpv In this lecture, Ian Ball continues the discussion on auctions, which analyze strategic bidding, where participants maximize payoffs based on their valuations and anticipated actions of others. He introduces two key formats; first-price and second-price. License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA More information at https://ocw.mit.edu/terms More courses at https://ocw.mit.edu Support OCW at http://ow.ly/a1If50zVRlQ We encourage constructive comments and discussion on OCW’s YouTube and other social media channels. Personal attacks, hate speech, trolling, and inappropriate comments are not allowed and may be removed. More details at https://ocw.mit.edu/comments.

MIT 14.12 Economic Applications of Game Theory, Fall 2025 Instructor: Ian Ball View the complete course: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/14-12-economic-applications-of-game-theory-fall-2025/ YouTube Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLUl4u3cNGP63quuKvMHCt3cmTmt0O2qpv In this first lecture of the course, Ian Ball explains the basics of game theory, which is a mathematical framework to analyze decision-making when the outcome depends on the actions of other people. In simpler terms, it's interactive decision-making. License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA More information at https://ocw.mit.edu/terms More courses at https://ocw.mit.edu Support OCW at http://ow.ly/a1If50zVRlQ We encourage constructive comments and discussion on OCW’s YouTube and other social media channels. Personal attacks, hate speech, trolling, and inappropriate comments are not allowed and may be removed. More details at https://ocw.mit.edu/comments.

MIT 14.12 Economic Applications of Game Theory, Fall 2025 Instructor: Ian Ball View the complete course: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/14-12-economic-applications-of-game-theory-fall-2025/ YouTube Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLUl4u3cNGP63quuKvMHCt3cmTmt0O2qpv In this class, Ian Ball discusses interactive decision-making where you have multiple players making decisions. He explains extensive-form games, strategy, and strategic-form games. License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA More information at https://ocw.mit.edu/terms More courses at https://ocw.mit.edu Support OCW at http://ow.ly/a1If50zVRlQ We encourage constructive comments and discussion on OCW’s YouTube and other social media channels. Personal attacks, hate speech, trolling, and inappropriate comments are not allowed and may be removed. More details at https://ocw.mit.edu/comments.